Powerful storms slammed into the Philippines. Among these systems, the water cycle has been conspicuously disrupted, as a primary fall-out of climate change. Pakistan can do little to halt global greenhouse gas emissions, to which it contributes less than 1%, said Federal Minister for Climate Change Malik Amin Aslam. — Photo by Rahat Dar. • Climate change cases have been brought in at least 28 countries around the These floods made at least 7.8 million people in Pakistan food insure and inflicted an economic loss of US$ 16 billion on the economy. Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture, Livestock, and Forestry 23 2. Last week, UN chief António Guterres gathered the world’s political, business and civil society leaders in New York in an effort to jump start action on climate change. This year, not only Ramzan, but Eidul Fitr also remained quite testing for people across the country, as hot spell reigned the lands. Throughout the year, environmental issues rattled Pakistan, which ranks among the top ten countries most vulnerable to climate change, according to the 2018 Global Climate Risk Index. Climate Change Impacts on Transport and Urban Sector 35 6. Transition impacts are more severe for economies that have a greater dependency on fossil fuels. ISSRA Papers Volume-XI, Issue-II, 2019 CLIMATE CHANGE AND WATER SECURITY: FOCUS ON PAKISTAN Kinza Tasleem Chauhdry *& Umbreen Javed Abstract Climate change has discernably created imbalance in many bio systems. Water scarcity in Pakistan has been accompanied by rising temperatures. Pakistan’s minister for climate change blames India for toxic smog. Due to accumulation of Students take part in a demonstration calling for action against climate change, in Chennai on November 29, 2019. As climate change became a force to be reckoned with for Pakistan, Prime Minister Imran Khan did not remain oblivious to the challenge it presented. Climate Change Impacts on the Health Sector 36 III. This was the highest in Balochistan with Rs 1,167 followed by Sindh Rs 876, Punjab Rs 318, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Rs 311 and Federal with Rs 244. An early sign that the 2010s would bring damaging climate extremes came in July 2010, when a record heat wave struck western Russia. Greenhouse gasses (GHG) are pollutants, which are produced by human activities. Climate Change Impacts on Energy Sector 31 4. c. By introducing and adopting massive tree planting programs in the country. Before the banning of chlorofluorocarbons, these gases lead to the depletion of the Ozone layer that previously protected the lower atmosphere from direct sunrays. Not only that, persistent power outages across the country added to the misery of Pakistanis. The Global Climate Risk Index 2019 report focuses on floods, storms and other extreme weather events fueled by climate change in 2017. e. The exterior walls of each and every building should be painted with lighter colors since dark colors absorb greater solar radiation during the daytime and are main cause of the urban heat island in cities. The principles of urban forestry should be adopted while planting trees extensively in the urban neighborhoods. The turn to embrace coal is an emerging concern in the broader Asian context and in the wake of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, which Pakistan ratified. December 22, 2019. With humidity dropping under 50 percent most of the time during this summer, temperatures rose to 40 degrees or above. Climate change has caused drastic effects in the world climate, such as the rise of carbon dioxide level, global temperature, melting of ice sheets, rise of sea levels, and ocean acidification. But residents of Lahore, one of the world’s most polluted cities, blame their country’s government. d. To mitigate the effect of urban heat islands, every town and city should have green cover of plants. Climate Change Impacts on Water Sector in Pakistan 28 3. Karachi did not lag behind, ranking second on the global AQI list for worst air quality for a brief period over the year. They cause an increase in surface temperatures and have a serious impact on the climate. In 2019, Pakistan saw a historic raise in the number of dengue cases. An ecological trial of every introduced species must be done and invasive tree species must not be planted. In a historic first for the country, the march continued until Sept 27 in a bid to draw attention to a climate emergency. The per capita WASH expenditure in 2018-2019 in Pakistan was Rs 291. Citing data from a 2019 international study on climate risk, he said Pakistan … Climate change. The chances of it happening are slim. Extreme temperatures are detrimental to health, making the labour morbid and cause increasing mortality rates through the spread of diseases such as malaria. Climate change is something that can neither be averted nor ignored. The changing patterns of precipitation due to global warming hit South Asia significantly. Pakistan is a prime example of a country in the global south that, despite contributing less that 0.8 per cent to the global GHG emissions, is the eighth most vulnerable country to climate change (Akram and Hamid, 2015). These extreme weather events led to a refugee crisis in the country, protests against government inaction and un-fulfilment of rehabilitation promises. 20 typhoons hit the Philippines this year. The 2019 UN Climate Action Summit was held at the headquarters of the United Nations in New York City on 23 September 2019. Extreme weather events, desertification, gradual global warming, collapse of forests and biodiversity, storm surges from oceans and the rise in sea level are some of the physical risks to humanity and macro-economy. On September 20, citizens in more than 20 cities across Pakistan marched to demand that the government develop an urgent climate action plan for the country. These, however, have their own macroeconomic and financial burdens called transition risks. By introducing and adopting energy efficient and environment-friendly technologies to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels such as coal, liquid petroleum and natural gas in sectors such as transports, factories, and fuel-fired-power plants to decrease the emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen oxide. The UN 2019 Climate Summit convened on the theme, "Climate Action Summit 2019: A Race We Can Win. Climate change poses critical challenges to Pakistan. Rise in the levels of tropospheric ozone (O3) has led to lethal levels of smog in India and Pakistan (UNEP, 2000). Climate Change Impacts on Coastal Areas 34 5. Parts of the city recorded an AQI of 600-800, almost two times the maximum safety limits. According to the meteorological department, most rainfall was recorded in Surjani Town at 150.6mm and Gulshan-e-Hadeed at 149mm. Some of the information is based on real time data and/or electronic reports Monsoon rains led to urban flooding, with drains and canals in the city overflowing and low-lying residential areas submerged in knee-length water. The News International - Copyright @ 2010-2021. The key manifestations of climate change include the melting of glaciers, rise in global temperatures, etc. To avoid these effects, we need to transition to more environment-friendly modes of production, enhance the efficiency of existing products and reduce carbon intensive production and consumption (Batten 2018). A Race We Must Win." A World Bank report, Pakistan’s Hotspots — The Impact of Temperature and Precipitation Changes on Living Standards, released in July 2018, claims that … Its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) affirmed its desire to join the global effort to mitigate and adapt to rising emissions, including from the power sector that is the leading source of Pakistan’s emissions. Not only did the year 2019 usher in several challenges for Pakistan on the socio-political front, climate change also remained prominent among prevalent matters of concern. The higher population density concentration in these countries and their poor flood control infrastructure and planning make them more vulnerable. b. Perceptions of uncertainty in the international business community also reduce foreign investments. It’s like a part and parcel of life like many other unavoidable changes. The frequency of these floods increased due to the rapid melting of the Himalayan glaciers. Until November this year, the number of cases reported was 49,500 — considerably higher than 2017’s highest tally of 25,000. The rain wreaked havoc on the city's sewerage and electricity infrastructure, submerging some areas while leaving others in darkness. ... Nov. 22, 2019. The Duke of Cambridge says more education and political action is needed to tackle climate change, as he visited a melting glacier in Pakistan. However, this should be done in professional way. Climate Change 307 The per capita WASH allocation in Pakistan during 2018-2019 was Rs 491. In major cities of Pakistan, air quality took a nosedive, with Lahore topping the list of global worst rating on the Air Quality Index (AQI) twice in November. And while Pakistan was considered relatively plentiful with water, a mixture of mismanaged irrigation, water-intensive agriculture and climate change has reduced the Indus to a trickle in parts. Dr Zafar Iqbal Shams, who is a researcher and teaches environmental sciences at the University of Karachi, said that Pakistan is at major risk due to climate change despite insignificant contribution to the factors behind it. Climate literature shows us that global warming will affect the physical and cognitive performance of workers and thereby cause a decrease in effective labour supply. In 2015 GhG emissions totalled 408 million tonnes of CO2eq; of which 43% was from agriculture in Pakistan; and 46% from energy in Pakistan, such as burning fuel for heat, to power transport, and generate electricity. Experts concluded that most market sector impacts of climate change have a hill-shaped relationship with temperature. There were unlawful constructions of even schools, buildings and settlements on the flood plains, causing mass destruction of capital stock. 09 Jul 2019 / In a sign of accelerating climate finance flows, the Green Climate Fund (GCF) has signed an agreement to implement a project by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to enhance the climate resilience of farmers in Pakistan’s Indus Basin. During the 2010-11 floods, consequences were worse because the land departments were inefficient. It would result in the loss of five per cent of the global GDP annually. In Pakistan this would be an incredibly brave move. In May, at least 65 people died from heatstroke in the southern city of Karachi. The temperature change also caused droughts, desertification, water stress and flooding. 1. ISLAMABAD, Apr 17 2019 (IPS) - Pakistan, which has been listed as the 7th most vulnerable country affected by climate change, is now seriously tackling the vagaries of weather, both at the official as well as non-official level. In 2019, Pakistan saw a historic raise in the number of dengue cases. These floods killed 1,7000 people and displaced millions. Another climatic demon that reared up its ugly head and got the rightful attention this year pertained to the very air that we breathe. Intermittent, heavy downpour in the financial hub of the country led to nearly two dozen deaths during the monsoon spell that hit Karachi beginning late July, with most of the victims losing their lives due to electrocution. Almost all of the countries where fossil fuels account for more than 90 per cent of their total exports are in the global south, including Azerbaijan, Iraq, Libya, and Venezuela (Hutt, 2016). They can affect the macro economy through various supply and demand or transmission channels. On Eidul Azha, many areas faced prolonged power outages, with many animals dying of electrocution in torrential rains which left the city hapless. This strongly affects long-run growth. As a result of these floods the country’s agricultural heartlands, its rice, corn and wheat crops were destroyed; roads and other infrastructure were damaged and so were the lives of 22 million other Pakistanis. Developed economies with stable financial systems, liquid markets and bigger banks are better suited to mitigate these effects and rectify the damages caused by natural disasters. Let’s take a glance at the environmental issues of the outgoing year. 2010: Heat wave in Russia and Pakistan floods. Climate Change 263 concept relates to absorption of atmospheric carbon through forest resource. In doing so, the initiative took off with a cleanup and tree plantation drive in Lahore. Pakistan's GhG emissions are less than 1% of the world total, and compared to most countries' greenhouse gas (GhG) emissions per person are well below average, at under 2 tonnes per year. Climate change impacts production factors, causes a decrease in marginal productivity of capital and total aggregate output. GCF signed the Funded Activity Agreement (FAA) to transfer USD 35 million to the FAO project yesterday, less than 24 hours after it … The latest … We are placed in a … According to climate change experts a rise in temperature by 3°C will have far-reaching socio-economic repercussions. d) Climate Change Council is being established and the mandate is to: ... Spring 2019 141.72 . Climate change poses critical challenges to Pakistan. The developed countries, despite having the capacity for transition, are barely taking steps to reduce emissions. Let’s take a glance at the environmental issues of the outgoing year, 2019. The current smog levels in Pakistan are critically high. 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